Silicon. Article. A Review on the Effect of Silica to Alumina Ratio, Alkaline Solution to Binder Ratio, Calcium Oxide + Ferric Oxide, Molar Concentration of Sodium …
The response relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties during hydration was revealed. The results show that the main hydration …
Ji et al. (2020) mixed coarse slag and NaOH and used amorphous silica and alumina in CGS as the source of silicon and aluminum to synthesize zeolite P without adding any templates. As shown in Fig. 5 a, coarse slag with a particle size of less than 75 μm was mixed with an appropriate amount of NaOH and deionized water to adjust the …
The paper considers clay-slag autoclaved composite materials, obtained with the use of steelmaking slaking slags and polymineral clay, of the following composition, wt%: slag—60; clay—40; lime—5, over . As a water-repelling admixture the usage of oil-extracting industry waste kieselguhr sludge, generated at winterization stage of oil ...
This paper summarized the comprehensive utilization status of steel slag in building materials, agriculture, wastewater treatment, marine engineering, ceramics, and …
In the rice farming area in Florida in the US where the soil has a serious lack of silicon, application of slag silicon-calcium fertilizer can increase production by 30%. The application amount of slag silicon-calcium fertilizer in this area is generally 500 kg/km 2. In China from 1979 to 1999, in the 16 provinces that have rice growing areas ...
The wavelength of the bending vibration peak of silica-oxygen tetrahedra (400~550 cm −1) gradually increases with the increase in silica-calcium slag doping, while the wave number in (983 cm −1 and 873 cm −1) migrates in the direction of the small wave number.
Based on the calcium hydroxide content in the RC, SFC and QPC composites, the lime content determined by the pozzolanic activity of the silica fume and quartz powder was determined 61,62.
Calcium-silica slag (CSS) is a highly alkaline residue, rich in calcium, generated during the chemical pre-desilication process of medium- and low-grade bauxite. ... Deionized water with a resistivity of 18.25 MΩ•cm at 25 °C, produced in our laboratory, served as the experimental solvent. Table 1. ... Powder Technol., 386 (2021), pp. 361 ...
1.1.2 The Lhasa method (RASA) The Lhasa method (RASA) water granulated slag treatment system was developed by Nippon Steel Pipe and the British trading company RASA and was first applied on blast furnace No. 1 at Fukuyama Steel Works in Japan [Citation 4].The principle of the RASA method is that after the blast …
The water-to-binder ratio varied between 0.30 and 0.58. In total, 39 mixes of specimens were prepared in this study to examine the effects of content, fly ash, slag powder, silica fume and water-to-binder ratios on the properties of ed concrete specimens. The detailed mix proportions for the 39 specimens are tabulated in Table 3.
Calcium-silica slag (CSS) emerges as a solid residue generated during the chemical pre-desilication of medium- and low-grade bauxite. CSS primarily comprises CaO and SiO 2, with a minor presence of Na 2 O [8], [9]. The substantial alkalinity and moisture content of CSS present substantial challenges for its utilization.
The water-to-binder (80% GGBS + 20% silica fume) ratio was kept the same for all different combinations of geopolymer mortars. 6 M activator was used in which sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3) ratio was 1:2.5. In general, with the increment of sand replacement, mortar flow was increased—the only exception …
The results show that the main hydration products of the alkali-activated steel slag powder-granulated blast furnace slag powder cementitious system are …
Ground granulated blast-furnace slag. (IMG12191) carbon contents usually less than 5%, but some may be as high as 10%. Class C materials are often high-calcium (10% to 30% CaO) fly ashes with carbon contents less than 2%. Many Class C ashes when exposed to water will hydrate and harden in less than 45 minutes.
The dissolution of slag enhanced the compressive strength of the mixes due to the mobility of free calcium and silica ions by attaining higher silica/calcium ratios as indicated in Fig. 5. The reactivity of GBS 2.5 I 1 and GBS 5 I 1 is increased due to the presence of more water, which is required for the pozzolanic reaction [ 6 ].
Slag, as shown in Fig. 1, is the 16th ingredient of high-performance concrete production [22], called supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) [23], that can enhance the strength and durability of concrete [2].The highly fine slag powder, with a surface area of 400–600 m 2 /kg and a bulk density of 1200 kg/m 3, can be mixed with free lime to …
PMID: 35208160. PMCID: PMC8877234. DOI: 10.3390/ma15041620. Abstract. In order to realize high-value utilization of calcium silicon slag (CSS) and …
A large blast furnace has a slag content of 250–350 kg per ton of iron, and a small blast furnace has a slag content of 450–550 kg per ton of iron. The main composition range of general blast furnace slag is: calcium oxide for 35–44%, silica for 32–42%, alumina for 6–16%, and magnesium oxide for 4–12%.
One major component of the steel slag is calcium oxide, CaO that is fluxed in the slag to remove silicon and phosphorus, and to improve slag fluidity. ... This work examined the extraction of calcium oxide from an industrial steel converter slag powder, and analyzed the effect of slag particle size in fractions of 0–50 μm, 50–74 μm and 74 ...
The molten slag is solidified by water quenching or air cooling, and then usually discharged in landfills [5], [33] ... Use of silico-manganese slag powder as an alkali-activated precursor and its properties. ... Slag-rich samples also showed more calcium containing hydrated phases, such as tobermorite and xonotlite [22].
Strain-Hardening Cementitious Composites (SHCCs), utilizing slag to replace fly ash and a calcium carbonate powder to replace silica sand, were developed in this study. The underlying motivations were to reduce the variation in SHCC's mechanical properties caused by the inherent variation in fly ash properties and to investigate the …
This high fineness contributes to its pozzolanic reactivity, which is the ability to react with calcium hydroxide in the presence of water, forming additional cementitious compounds. Slag Powder: Slag powder has a coarser …
The slag used was S105-grade granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) with a specific surface area of 1.54 m 2 /g. GP was processed from waste flat glass and was a white dry powder. The particle size distributions of the GBFS and GP are shown in Fig. 1, and the chemical compositions are presented in Table 1.
Slag. A by-product from the industrial processing of iron and other alloys, slag is used as a source of plant silica due to its high solubility and concentration. It is usually a combination of silicon dioxide and …
Calcium oxides or the mixtures of calcium oxides and fluorides are usually used as the slagging agents, such as CaO–SiO 2, CaO–SiO 2 –CaF 2 and CaO–SiO 2 –Al 2 O 3. The principle of slag refining is that the metallic or non-metallic impurities in MG-Si can be oxidized into oxide and finally enter into the slag phase (Heuer, 2013).
In this study, mesoporous calcium silica aerogels were produced for use as an anticaking food additive in powdered foods. A low-cost precursor (sodium silicate) was used, and calcium silica aerogels …
The reactivity of SiMn slag was enhanced by granulating it using water quenching, which rapidly cooled the molten slag into a glassy form. Glass is …
Fig. 1 shows the raw materials used to produce RPC. Table 1 exhibits the basic properties of the Portland cement P.II 52.5. Table 2 lists the basic ingredients (mass ratio) of the active mineral admixtures, including fly ash silica fume and slag powder. All the raw materials and mix ratio of RPCs were designed according to the code "Reactive Powder …
In addition, calcium can provide hydraulic properties of the SCM . ... Water-granulated silica-modified EAF slag with a basicity of 1.5 was found to have an amorphous content of 93 wt% and crystalline MeO (ss), which resulted in a high-performing SCM, indicating the possibility of reaching similar reactivities as GGBS due to the …
Cement is manufactured through a closely controlled chemical combination of calcium, silicon, aluminum, iron and other ingredients. Common materials used to manufacture cement include limestone, shells, and chalk or marl combined with shale, clay, slate, blast furnace slag, silica sand, and iron ore. These ingredients, when heated at high ...
1. Introduction. The rapid development of the national economy highly relies on the sufficient supply of energy and production materials. However, along with the massive supply of energy, huge amounts of fly ash, silicon powder, and carbide slag are also emitted into the atmosphere, aggravating water and air pollution.