This study concentrated to investigate the influences of white-Portland cement (W-PC) containing silica fume (SF: micro-silica (µ Si) and nano-silica (n Si)) as replacement (2–4 wt%) on mechanical (strength and durability), physical and microstructural behaviors of self-compacting mortars (SCMs) fabricated at 0.48–0.63 w/b ratios.In …
Excess magnesia will reduce the strength of the cement. Iron oxide: Chemical formula is Fe 2 O 3. Iron oxide imparts color to cement. It acts as a flux. At a very high temperature, it imparts into the chemical reaction with calcium and aluminum to form tricalcium alumino-ferrite. Tricalcium alumino-ferrite imparts hardness and strength to cement.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two types of RA on the mini-slump, rheological parameters, hydration kinetics, and compressive strength of two white …
1. Introduction. Cement is the most widely used and adaptable material in the construction industry for its properties and cost [1].Despite its numerous qualities, the production of cement contributes largely to the release of carbon dioxide (CO 2) in the atmosphere and, its structures have a dull grey appearance [2].To remedy this, part of …
The manufacturing process of white cement is same as that of grey cement, but the selection of raw material is an important part in the manufacturing process. The oxides of chromium, manganese, iron, copper, vanadium, nickel and titanium imparts the grey colour to the cement. In white cement manufacture, these raw materials are kept to least ...
Although, numerous studies investigated the effect of SF on cement concrete properties, further studies are needed to understand the effect of SF on the mechanical properties, durability, and microstructures of cement mortars and concrete. ... SF has a gray or white color, as noted in various literatures. The specific surface area of …
In this work, the performance of modified cement by nanostructures consisting of boron nitride (BN) and iron oxide inorganic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) was analyzed. The mechanical strength, electrical ...
White Cement is a type of Portland Cement but with lower percentages of aluminum, iron and oxides and increased percentages of calcium and potassium …
pigments, provide durable aesthetics. A white concrete substrate offers wider colouring opportunities than conventional concretes so it is important that colouration during white …
The compressive strength of white cement is less than OPC cement. A large amount of iron and manganese are supplemented in its manufacturing process to increase the whiteness of the cement and is more expansive. ... The production of white cement usually required 40% higher energy than the normal grey cement and this …
The research has proved the effect of iron ion on microstructure of cement paste. Irons modify the initial hydration product layer and accelerate the hydration process, causing more C-S-H gel generated and denser microstructure.
White cement is a specialized type of cement that is used for architectural and decorative applications. White cement is similar in composition to ordinary gray Portland cement, but it is unique because of its white color. White cement provides a clean, bright, and uniform appearance. It allows greater design flexibility as well as the …
white iron-free clay (kaolinite or china clay)[3,4]. Bauxite (aluminum oxide) is . ... Type I gray and white portland cements to assess the effect of white cement on . concrete properties. Type ...
Class H Cement: Experiments of type (1) were performed at T0 ≈ 27 °C (80 °F) and pH = 0.1, 34.5, 69.0, and 138 MPa. In one series of type (2) experiments, the temperature was ramped to 57 °C (135 ˚F) and the pressure was ramped to 34.5 MPa over periods of τ = 20, 40, and 100 min.
White Cement is a type of Portland Cement but with lower percentages of aluminum, iron and oxides and increased percentages of calcium and potassium oxides. The Researchers started by testing on the material itself by conducting Oxide composition tests as well as energy dispersive x-ray tests.
A 50-g mass of cement was placed in a plastic cup. The cement was mixed well with 25 g of water for 30 s. Finally, the cup was sealed and placed into the instrument. The test was conducted at 25 ℃ for 72 h. 3. Experimental results and discussion3.1. The effect of Al 2 O 3 /SiO 2 ratio (N) on the phase compositions of the W·SAC clinker 3.1.1.
Raw materials containing small amounts of iron and manganese oxides are used to produce white Portland cement. These raw materials are finely ground, mixed …
Grey cement is naturally grey in color due to its very high quantity of iron, chromium, manganese, and magnesium oxide, whereas white cement also contains traces of this but in very small quantities that is why its color completely defines it. In grey cement, it has a lower refractive index and white cement has a higher refractive index.
The possibility of using white cement dust and iron filings as fillers to modify asphalt mix properties was investigated. Numerous aggregate tests were conducted, including sieve analysis ...
Additional analysis determined a definite relationship between the flexural strength and the absorption ratio of pigment-dyed blocks; the correlation coefficient ( R2) of interlocking blocks at 91 days was .90. It is suggested that if iron oxide pigments are to be used to color CIBs, the pigment-to-cement ratio should be below 4%.
2 Ξ = q l B. ─ = 2 q 3 l 2. B . GC (7) where q is the counterions' valence, is the absolute value of the surface charge density of the walls divided by the elementary charge e, …
The whiteness is understandably one of the most important properties of white cement. In view of its low iron content the raw material melts at higher temperatures, at 1420-1450°C [8]. Concrete ...
The research has proved the effect of iron ion on microstructure of cement paste. • Irons modify the initial hydration product layer and accelerate the hydration process, causing more C-S-H gel generated and denser microstructure. • Single diffusion control factor occurs at 80 h for the later deceleration period of cement hydration.
Alite–ye'elimite–ferrite (AYF) cement is a more sustainable alternative to Portland cement (PC) that may offer improved mechanical, rheological, and chemical performance. Using traditional raw materials and conventional clinker processing conditions, alite (C3S) and ye'elimite (C4A3$), the major phases in PC and calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cements, …
A. Effect of iron filing in concrete compressive strength The compression tests were carried out according to B.S. 1881.52 [15], on standard cubes (15 x 15 x 15 cm) as shown in figure 1(a). Concrete mix with iron filing was designed, treated, and controlled under the same conditions of concrete mix without iron filing.
road cements, white cement and coloured cements, expanding cements, Portland cement with a low heat of hydration, Portland cement with a higher MgO content, ... reacting with the iron oxides. The effect of intensifiers on clinker firing Mineralizers and/or plasticizers (of course not those containing colouring admixtures) are often added ...
The fineness of white cement is 395 kg / m 2. The brightness of white cement is 87%. The compact density of white density is 3150 kg / m3. The bulk density of white cement is 110 kg / 3. Compressive strength after 1 day is 21 MPa, 2 days is 38 MPa, 7 days is 61 MPa, and 28 days is 74 MPa. The raw ingredients for white cement concrete: Cement:
Applications. Over 20 years of experience as a supplier of iron oxide, pigments in South Africa. We have agreements with some of the largest manufacturers in the world and because of their economies of scale. We source white cement, Cellulose, grade TiO2, Construction grade paint & more.
The standard mix is a 2:1 proportion of water and white cement. The two need to be mixed well until there are no lumps left. The consistency you are looking for is like the feel of paint, thick and semi-liquid. Next comes the surface preparation. It needs to be cleaned by either scraping, scrubbing or brushing, this process is vital to ensuring ...
Architectural and Decorative Concrete. White Cement. White Cement Frequently Asked Questions; White Self-Consolidating Concrete; Concrete Technology. Concrete Construction. Bugholes; Building Tips for Trouble-Free Slabs; Cold Weather Concreting; Placing Joints in Concrete Flatwork: Why, How, and When; Role of Concrete Curing
Physical properties. SEM. Pigment. Iron oxide. 1. Introduction. The use of concrete interlocking block (CIB) pavements has increased markedly in recent years. Concrete block pavement has many advantages, including resistance to freeze–thaw cycles and deicing salts, ease of maintenance and repair, access to utilities, low …
Specifying White Cement All white cements manufactured in North America are made to strict standards to meet customer needs. Color is an especially important quality control issue in the white cement industry, where consistency in brightness and tone are principal concerns. The color of white cement depends on both the raw materials
The purpose of this research is to determine how well sand can stand in as a partial substitute for iron ore tailings without negatively impacting the microstructure, strength, or durability of concrete. The concrete mix is designed as 1:1.62:3.25 (cement: sand: coarse aggregate) with a water-to-cement ratio (W/C) of 0.48.
Discoloration due to changes in the concrete compounds . Concrete will turn pink as a result of chemical changes in compounds containing iron ; Carbonation. Breakdown of cement paste in concrete; Results in a reduction in alkalinity, or protective coating, which promotes corrosion of the rebar. Example of chemical changes on fire …
In the following table, the main differences between grey ordinary Portland cement and white cement are given: Raw materials contain a high amount of Iron Oxide and Manganese Oxide. Raw materials contain a very little amount of Iron Oxide and Manganese Oxide. Usually less fine than white cement. Usually finer than gray cement.