Geometry Model. The simulation model at a ratio of 1:1 was established for a large copper oxygen-enriched bottom blowing smelting furnace of dimension φ5.8 × 30 m.The model is simplified to some extent, and the proposed geometry is shown in Fig. 1a. The geometric dimensions of the furnace along X-direction are − 14.3 to 14.3 m, from − …
copper smelter designs (Figure 1) are based on similar underlying thermochemistry, which fosters a common ... (Equation 1) begins within the smelting furnace, and is completed …
The word equation for the smelting of copper sulfide is Copper sulfide + oxygen → copper + sulfur dioxide. In this process, also known as roasting, copper sulfide (the copper ore) reacts with oxygen, present in the air, to produce pure copper and sulfur dioxide. This is a type of oxidation reaction where copper is separated from the sulfur ...
Oxygen-rich side-blown bath smelting (OSBS) is a kind of copper smelting technology with high efficiency, energy-saving, and environment-friendly characteristics. However, emulsification and flow pattern as significant hydrodynamic parameters have been rarely studied for the OSBS process. The formation, size distribution of slag-matte droplets, and …
Since then, mathematical models and computer simulations of pyrometallurgy (especially flash smelting processes) have been established by many researchers. The reports of mathematical models of pyrometallurgy published so far have mainly been focused on copper smelting (Kim and Sohn, 1996, Wang et al., 2013, Gui …
Copper concentrate particles of 200 to 300 mesh size were fed from the top of vertical reaction tube of 2.8 cm ID and 2 m long with an O 2-N 2 gas mixture.
A novel mathematical model for combustion of a single copper concentrate particle is presented. The model includes particle volatilization, fragmentation, smelting, and combustion phenomena. ... Evolution of size distribution of copper concentrate particles oxidized under suspension-smelting conditions. In: Copper international …
Modern smelters are designed to collect at least 90 percent of the sulfur in the feedstock. These steps result in the following reaction: 2 CuFeS2 + 2 SiO2 + 4O2 → Cu2S + 2 FeSiO3 + 3SO2. Copper extracted by this method is combined with slag to create a material known as Matte Copper due to its matte look.
The effectivity of present copper smelting technologies have their roots in industrial and laboratory-scale experience accumulated over the past decades. Since early '60s, the tools for improving the processing conditions and smelting vessel design included scale modelling and manual computing of homogeneous multicomponent equilibria. The …
A mathematical model of the metal droplet settlement process of smelting slag was established. ... The drag force coefficient formula under coupling interfacial tension was derived with the established mathematical model and experimental data. ... 2017). Chen established a thermodynamic database of arsenic in copper smelting melt …
Science. Chemistry. Chemistry questions and answers. Copper has been used for thousands of years, either as a pure metal or in alloys. It is frequently used today in the production of wires and cables. Copper can be obtained through smelting or recycling. Determine the energy associated with each of these processes in order to recycle 1.00 …
The copper flash converting process[1,2,3] is a novel technology to produce blister copper, the first industrial-scale application of which was started at the Kennecott Utah Copper Corporation (KUCC) in 1995.[4,5,6] The process has numerous advantages,[1,7] such as continuous operation, high capacity, low energy consumption, …
The treatment of these products depends on the metallurgical extractive process of lead and copper. Gold Smelting Equipment. It has been shown that concentrates obtained by gravity devices and cathodes can be smelted directly most the time. Silver-gold concentrates can be smelted too. Under this consideration, a …
step was 0.6 s. The chemistry of the copper concentrate and recycling materials was determined using x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy [7,11,12]. 2.3. Calculation Method In …
A novel mathematical model for combustion of a single copper concentrate particle is presented. The model includes particle volatilization, fragmentation, smelting, and combustion phenomena. ... Evolution of size distribution of copper concentrate particles oxidized under suspension-smelting conditions. In: Copper international conference ...
Bottom-blowing copper smelting technology was initiated and developed in China in the 1990s. Injection of oxygen-enriched high-pressure gas strongly stirs the molten bath consisting of matte and slag. Rapid reaction at relatively lower temperatures and good adaptability of the feed materials are the main advantages of this technology. …
The removal of readily soluble As and Cuâˆ'As intermetallics from smelting slag by flotation can reduce the As leaching toxicity of slag tailings, making them conform to the USEPA and SEPA regulatory thresholds for As. Key words: copper flash smelting; arsenic; copper slag; selective sequential extraction; leaching toxicity 1 Introduction ...
Third International Conference on CFD in the Minerals and Process Industries CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia 10-12 December 2003 DEVELOPMENT OF A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF FLASH SMELTING AND CONVERTING PROCESSES Jussi VAARNO1, Juha JÄRVI1, Tapio AHOKAINEN2, Toni LAURILA3 and Pekka TASKINEN1 1 Outokumpu …
A heat balance equation [7] for the freeboard space reads: where, Gsmelt is the charge smelting rate in an electrode cell; [5] Hsmelt the charge smelting heat (for nickel smelting, Hsmelt is evaluated to be 1.326 MJ/t, using the data reported by Sheng et al.6); and Qsmelt the net rate of heat flow consumed for where, Qg-conv is the net ...
Copper Smelting and its Main Control Parameters The raw material for copper matte smelting is a ne sulde concentrate. In flash smelting, for example, the dried concentrate gets in contact with oxygen-enriched air in the burner at top of the reaction shaft. Fe and S are oxidized from the Cu-Fe-S concentrate to produce a Cu-rich sulde
The effectivity of present copper smelting technologies have their roots in industrial and laboratory-scale experience accumulated over the past decades. Since …
Copper can be obtained through smelting or recycling. Determine the energy associated with each of these processes in order to recycle 1.15 mol Cu. The smelting of copper occurs by the balanced chemical equation: CuO(s)+CO(g) Cu(s)+CO2(g) where ΔH ∘ icuo is =−155 kJ/mol. Assume the process of recycling copper is simplified to just the ...
After smelting the copper ores in flame furnace crated matte that is smelting Cu2S and FeS. The amount of copper in Matte determined amount of Cu2S while rest is while FeS. In reallity matte contains less sulfur and other metals such as: PbS, ZnS, Fe3O4 and noble metals but their amount is small and does not affect the calculation.
The current research on metallurgical remains from scientific excavations in northeast Yunnan from the Bronze Age period is insufficient. In order to study the smelting technology of the Bronze Age in north-eastern Yunnan, samples of slag and mineral excavated from the Yubei Di site in Dongchuan were examined. Based on the outcome …
The purpose of smelting is to enrich most of the copper in the copper concentrate in the matte phase. The gangue, oxides and impurity elements were combined in the slag phase to completely separate the copper matte in the slag phase. In this paper, a mathematical model based on the optimization of copper concentrate cost and the …
Coppermaking from sulfide concentrates entails two major steps: smelting and converting. In continuous direct-to-copper smelting process these two steps are combined into one. The principal advantages of this process are: isolation of SO2 emission to a single, continuous, SO2-rich gas stream, minimization of energy consumption and …
Pyrometallurgical Copper Making. The main raw material is copper sulfide ore, and high-grade copper oxide ore can also be smelted in the pyrometallurgical process. The mining grade of copper sulfide is 0.3–2%, and the average mining grade is approximately 0.81%. The mined ore is crushed and pulverized.
In top-blown copper smelting furnaces such as the TSL furnace, a single lance is installed from the top of the furnace, extending below the melt surface. ... In this …
Well-known mathematical models related to blending problem are extended and adjusted to the specific blending problem in copper production. Certain constraints are deduced from the process of making copper as well as from the ecological aspects of the production process. The models are applied to the production experience at the …
The purpose of smelting is to enrich most of the copper in the copper concentrate in the matte phase. The gangue, oxides and impurity elements were combined in the slag phase to completely separate the copper matte in the slag phase. In this …